Header construction



June 16, 1931. J, KARMAZIN 1,810,215

HEADER CONSTRUCTION Filed March 51, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 16, 1931.J. KARMAZIN HEADER CONSTRUCTION Filed March 31, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTOR Patented June 16, 1931 JOHN KABMAZIN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGANHEADER CONSTRUCTION Application filed March 31, 1927. Serial No.179,786.

This invention relates to radiators for internal combustion engines,condensers and similar appliances, and more particularly to means forconnecting the water passages of the radiator cooling section with thewater supply tank, from which water is conducted to the engine or otherdevice to be cooled.

In connection with the condensers of household refrigeration systems,and steam condensers in general, the cooling fluid may be underpressures in excess of one thousand pounds per square inch, and itbecomes necessary to provide headers and especially j oints between theheaders and the radiator cool- 16 ing-section, so constructed as toresist the high pressure. It is further desirable-that the use of solderbe eliminated or reduced to a minimum, and that the water tubes openinto the upper headerin such a way that melted solder can not flow intoand stop the tubes.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a radiatorespecially adapted for 7 service under high pressure, and a method 2 ofassembling such a radiator. These and other desirable results areattained 'thru the instrumentalities, a representative embodie ment ofwhich will be hereinafter described, and is illustrated in the drawings,in which: so

embodying one form of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary sectional elevation on the line 2-2 ofFigure 1. Figure 3 is a fragmentary front elevation of a slightlymodified form of radiator.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary elevation, partly in section,on the lines 4-4of Figure 3. I

Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional elevation on the line 5 -5 of Figure3.

Numeral 10 represents the upper header, and numeral 11 the lower header,both headers being of substantially circular cross section, althoughflattened on the side which receives the tubes of the cooling section.The cooling section may be of the general type described in my PatentNo. 1,761,395, granted June 3, 1930. Said cooling section comprises aplurality of superposed fin and tube section elements 12, the conicaltube sections 13 of Figure 1 is a front elevation of a radiator eachelement telescoping into the tubes of the next lower element.

The flattened upper surface 14 of the lower header member 11 isperforated to receive the tubes 16 of the lowermost fin and tube element15, the entire, length of the tubes passing into the perforations, andthe fin resting in contact with the flattened exterior surface of theheader, as clearly shown in Figure 2. VVithin' the header and conformingthereto is placed a suitably shaped reinforcing plate 17, said platebeing perforated to receive the parts of the tubes 16 which project thruthe header wall. lVithin the reinforcing plate 17 is located another finand tube section element, whose tubes 18 receive the projecting ends ofthe tubes 16, while the plate or fin 19 overlies the reinforcing plate17.

It will be seen that the section of the header wall which is weakened bythe openings for the water tubes is thus reinforced interiorly, and thepart of the tube extending therethrough is double walled, ample strengthas well as flexibility thus being insured.

A reinforcing means is provided for the upper header which maybe-constructed as follows:

Y The lower part of the header wall is flattened, as shown at 20, and areinforcing plate 21 'is interiorly fitted to the header wall, coveringthe fiat section 20, and adjacent parts of the curving wall 10. The topcooling section element 12 rests against the exterior face of theflattened header section and its tube sections 13 receive the tubes 22of a specially formed fin and tube element 23 which overlies thereinforcing plate 21 and conforms thereto. Additional tube sections 24:are placed within the tube sections 22, and project above the fin orplate 23 terminating the water cooling tubes in a manner which preventssolder or other foreign material falling into the tubes and wholly orpartially closing them.

A highly efficient radiator especially adapted for high pressure serviceis thus secured. The headers are generally of arcuate cross section,especiall adapted to withstand pressure, and the section of the headerwall which is perforated to receive the water tubes of the coo'lingsection is reinforced by the use of devices which are at the same timeeffective, simple in construction, readily assembled, and do not detractfrom the efliciency of the radiator cooling section.

The ends of the headers, which are of circular cross section, are closedby suitable heads 25 and 26 (Fig. 1), and suitable connecting fittings27 and :28 are provided for connecting the radiator into the systemcontaining the fluid to be cooled.

The invention further contemplates the mounting of the radiator in arigid frame, whereby stresses upon the joints of the cooling section, orbetween the cooling section and the headers are eliminated. Suchstresses may be occasioned by rough handling of the radiator in transit,or in the operation of securing pipe connections to the headers.

To this end a construction is employed, one embodiment of which isillustrated in Figures 3 to 5. The headers are flattened on one sidethroughout their length, and are closed by means of plates comprisingthickened sections which are drilled and tapped to receive bolts. Such aheader closing plate, having no outlet opening, is seen in elevation atthe top of Figure 4, and its cross section is indicated in the adjacentpart of Figure 3. The plate comprises a web 80 surrounded by a flange31, which flange is enlarged at any convenient points, such as thejunctions of the arcuate and fiat sides of the head. to provide bosses32 which are drilled and tapped to receive studs or bolts 33. The lowerheader closing plate,

shown at the bottom of Figure 4. comprises a similar web 30. borderflange 31 and bosses 32, and in addition thereto a boss 34 which isdrilled and tapped to receive an intake fitting 35. The opposite end ofthe lower header may be closed by a plate similar to the plate shown atthe top of Figure 4. while the closure plate for the outlet end of theupper header may have the form shown in Figure 5. Owing to the size ofthe outlet pipe 36 the web part of the plate is much reduced in area,and the bolt hole surrounding bosses are continuous with the outlet pipesurrounding boss.

Frame bars 37 and 38 pass from the ends of the upper header to the endsof the lower header and are secured to the respective header closingends by the bolts 33. The frame bars have fiat ends superposed upon theends of the headers and fitting tightly against the latter. The framebars and headers thus form a rigid structure adapted to resist thetorsional stresses incident to screwing inlet and outlet fittings intothe headers, and prevent any such stresses being transmitted to theradiator joints. The radiator cooling section is likewise protected bythe frame from mechanical injury.

Vhile one embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and describedin detail this embodiment is to be understood as illustrative ratherthan restrictive, the invention being susceptible of expression in manyother forms, all falling within the scope of the appended claims.

iYhat is claimed is:

1. A high pressure radiator comprising a header of substantiallycircular cross section, a cooling section comprising a plurality ofwater conduits. a part of the wall of the header having perforationsadapted to register with the water conduits of the cooling section, areinforcing plate within the header conforming to the header wall,having perforations registering with the perforations in the header, anddevices passing through said perforations adapted to communicate withand engage the water conduits of the cooling section.

2. A high pressure radiator comprising headers having arcuate walls, acooling section comprising a plurality of conduits extending between theheaders, the headers hav ing flattened wall sections which are perforated in alignment with said conduits, a reinforcing plate within eachheader extending over the flattened wall and adjacent parts of thearcuate wall, said reinforcing plates having perforations registeringwith the perforations in the header walls. and members having tubesections, adapted to engage and hold the water tubes of the coolingsection, superposed on the reinforcing plates.

3. high pressure radiator comprising a cooling section and a headerprovided with an interior reinforcing plate, the wall of the header andsaid reinforcing plate having registering perforations therein, and anelement superposed on said reinforcing plate comprising tube sectionsadapted to receive the tubes of the radiator cooling section.

l. A high pressure radiator comprising a cooling section and a headerprovided with a reinforcing plate. the header wall and reinforcing platehaving registering perforations therein, and an element superposed onthe reinforcing plate comprising a plurality of tube sections adapted toextend thru the reinforcing plate and the header wall, and to bereceived in the ends of the conduits of the cooling sect-ion.

A high pressure radiator having a cooling section comprising a pluralityof superposed fin and tube elements. the tubes of said elementstelescoping together to form continuous conduits, a header provided withperforations adapted to receive the tube sections of the lowermost finand tube element. the tin resting upon the header wall, a perforatedreinforcing plate within the header adapted to receive the partof thetube sections passing thru the header wall, and a tin and tube elementsuperposed on said reinforcing plate and telescoping over the ends ofthe tube sections projecting thru the reinforcing plate.

G. A high pressure radiator having a cool- Y ing section com rising aplurality of superposed fin and tu elements, a; header having a wallsection adapted to conform to the uppermost of said elements andprovided with perforations inalignment with said 0 tubes, a reinforcingplate within the header having perforations registering with theperforations in the header, a finand tube member superposed on thereinforcing plate, the

tubes of said member passing'thru the rein forcing plate and the headerwall and telescoping into the tubes of said cooling tion, and tubularelements within said head er telescoping into the tubes of said member,15. but extending above said member.

7. A'radiator comprising upper and lower tubular headers, hollow coolingelements extending between and connecting said headers, ends for closingthe opposite extremities of the headers, each of said ends comprising aweb, a peripheral flange and aplurality of perforated bosses, and aninlet connection for the radiator and an outlet connection therefor, oneend of one header having a boss to receive one connection, and one endof the other header having a boss to receive the other connection. V 4

8. A radiatorlcomprislng a pair of tubular headers, cooling elementsextending between .30 and connectin' said headers, ends for closing theextremitiesof the headers, frame bars having flatendsse'cured againstthe ends of. the headers, and inlet and outlet connections for the radiar communicating therewith through the ends of the frame bars.

9. A radiator comprising an upper header,

a lower header, a cooling section intermediate said headers comprised ofsuperimposed integral fin and tube type elements communi- 40 catingwitheach of said headers and frame 3 from the ends of the lower header tothe ends of the upper header, the ends of "the bars being flat andfitting againstthe headers, means for securing said frame bars to saidheader closing means, and inlet and outlet connections in said headerclosing means.

11. A radiator comprising a rlgid frame consisting of a header, bothends of said header being open, frame bars secured to said header, theends of said. bars being flat )0 and fitting against said headers toclose said copeng ends, and a plurality of fluid conduits extending fromsaid header, said fluid conduits being formed from superimposed integralfin and tube type elements, and fluid i connecting means in the end ofone of said bars whereby the radiator may be connected ma fluid system;without stressing the fin and tube type elements.

12. A high pressure radiator comprising a a rigid frame consisting of aplurality of headers, said headers being spaced one from the other,frame bar means secured between said headers, and a cooling sectionextending between said headers, sa'ld section being formed fromsuper-imposed integral fin and tube type elements forming tubular fluidconduits, one of said headers having socket means to engage the taperedend of one of said tubular conduits and the other header having taperedflange means to engage the opposite end of said tubular conduit, andfluid connecting means in the headers whereby the radiator may beconnected in a fluidsystem without stressing the fin and tube typeelements.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature to this specification.

' JOHN KARMAZIN.

